What is a monument erected to the memory of the deceased without the deceased's body called?

A monument erected to the memory of the deceased without the deceased's body is called a cenotaph. A cenotaph serves as a memorial to honor someone who has died, especially in situations where the body is not present, such as in cases of war, disaster, or burial at sea. The term originates from the Greek words "kenos," meaning empty, and "tapho," meaning tomb, which conveys the idea of an empty tomb symbolizing the deceased.

Other terms provided in the options refer to different concepts related to death and memorialization. A grave marker is typically a physical marker at a burial site that indicates the location of the deceased's body. An epitaph is a short inscription in memory of a person, often found on tombstones, while an elegy is a poem or song expressing sorrow or lament for someone who has died. These distinctions clarify the specific nature and purpose of a cenotaph as a memorial site without an associated body.